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James Apple
Professor
+1 (403) 220-8267
+1 (403) 210-9191 (Fax)
Social Sciences 532
jbapple@ucalgary.ca
Website:
http://ucalgary.academia.edu/JamesApple
Research Interests
Indian and Tibetan Buddhism
Mahayana Buddhism
Sanskrit
Tibetan
Currently Teaching
W2023 - RELS 203 - Asian Religions
Details
LEC 1
TR 09:30 - 10:45
ENA 101
Outline
W2023 - RELS 319 - Esoteric Buddhism
Details
LEC 1
TR 14:00 - 15:15
EDC 284
Outline
view past courses
Publications
Book
Apple, James
.
An Old Tibetan Dunhuang Manuscript of the Avaivartikacakrasūtra in the Stein Collection collated with Tibetan Kanjurs
Paris:
Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines
, 2021. 327. Print.
Apple, James
.
Jewels of the Middle Way: The Madhyamaka Legacy of Atiśa and His Early Tibetan Followers
Somerville, MA:
Wisdom Publications
, 2019. 474. Print.
Apple, James
.
Atiśa Dīpaṃkara: Illuminator of the Awakened Mind (Lives of the Masters)
Boulder:
Shambhala Publications
, 2019. 320. Print.
Apple, James
.
A Stairway taken by the Lucid: Tsong kha pa’s Study of Noble Beings
Aditya Prakashan, Śata-piṭaka Series, 2013. 227. Print.
Apple, James
.
Stairway to Nirvāṇa: A Study of the Twenty Saṃghas based on the works of Tsong-kha-pa
State University of New York Press, 2008. 275. Print.
Book Chapter
Apple, James
.
"
Atiśa, The Great Middle Way of Mere Appearance
"
The Routledge Handbook of Indian Buddhist Philosophy
Ed.
Apple, James
Routledge Press, 2022. 601-614. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Maitreya’s Tuṣita Heaven as a Pure Land in Gelukpa forms of Tibetan Buddhism
"
Buddhism of Pure Lands: A Thematic Anthology of Primary Sources
Ed.
Payne, Richard
Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2019. 188-222. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Filiation of Phylogenetic Analysis in the Study of Tibetan Buddhist Canonical Texts.
"
Introduction to Digital Humanities: Buddhism
Ed.
Veidlinger, Daniel
de Gruyter, 2019. 209-226. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Spiritual Exercises of the Middle Way: Reading Atiśa’s Madhyamakopadeśa with Hadot
"
Hadot and Buddhist Thought
Ed.
Fiordalis, David
Berkeley: Mangalam Research Center, 2018. 105-144. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Caractéristiques des Kanjurs tibétains
"
Sūtras bouddhiques: un heritage spiritual universal. Manuscrits et iconographie du Sūtra du Lotus
Ed.
Les Indes savantes
Paris: Les Indes savantes, 2016. 88-91. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Buddhism in Tibetan History
"
The Wiley Blackwell Companion to East and Inner Asian Buddhism.
Ed.
Poceski, Mario
Blackwell Publishing (to appear), Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Insides and Outsides of a Tibetan Buddhist Ritual on the outskirts of Sujātā Village
"
Buddhism in Practice
Routledge, 2012. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Redescribing Maṇḍalas: A Test Case in Bodh Gayā, India
"
Introducing Religion: Essays in Honor of Jonathan Z. Smith
Ed.
Braun, W. and Smith, Jonathan Z.
London, UK: Equinox, 2007. 40-56. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Tsong-kha-pa’s Gradual Path System for Ending Mental Afflictions and his Methods for Countering Anger
"
Buddhist Thought and Applied Psychological Research: Transcending the Boundaries
Ed.
Nauriyal, D.K.
Routledge, 2006. 262-284. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Tenzin Gyatso, His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama: Embodiment of Compassion as Simple Buddhist Monk
"
How to Get a Life: Empowering Wisdom From Thinkers and Writers
Ed.
Baines, L. and McBrayer, D.
Atlanta: Humanics Press, 2003. 151-166. Print.
Book Review
Apple, James
.
Karen Derris and Natalie Gummer (editors), Defining Buddhism(s): A Reader (Critical Categories in the Study of Religion
Journal of the American Academy of Religion, 2009. Vol. 77, No. 1, pp. 120-123. Print.
Apple, James
.
James Blumenthal, The Ornament of the Middle Way: A Study of the Madhyamaka Thought of Śāntarakṣita. Himalaya.
The Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies, 2007. Volume 25, Numbers 1 and 2. Print.
Apple, James
.
Nicholas Gier, Spiritual Titanism
International Journal of Hindu Studies, 2003. Vol. 7 Issue 1-3, p216-217. Print.
Conference
Apple, James
.
Atiśa’s System of Twenty-One Tārās: Mantras, Mudrās, and Manuscripts
2022.
Apple, James
.
The Ten Worlds of Tiantai Zhiyi within Atiśa’s Stages of the Path. アティシャの道次第と天台智顗
2021.
Apple, James
.
Instances of the Middle Way in Early Mahāyāna Sūtras
2018.
Apple, James
.
The Stairway of Correct Conventional Reality: Significant Variant Readings in Candrakīrti’s Madhyamakāvatāra (6.79)
2018.
Apple, James
.
An Indian Source for the Opening Verse of the Tibetan version of the Heart Sūtra
2017.
Apple, James
.
Atiśa’s Stages of the Path to Awakening: Analysis of a Manuscript in the History of Indo- Tibetan Buddhist Path Literature
2017.
Apple, James
.
An Early Twelfth Century Tibetan Commentary on the Distinction between Autonomist and Consequentialist Branches of Madhyamaka.
2017.
Apple, James
.
Atiśa and Ratnākaraśānti as Philosophical Opponents with attention to Yuktiṣaṣṭikā, verse 34.
2017.
Apple, James
.
The Old Tibetan Version of the Kāśyapaparivarta preserved in Fragments from Dunhuang
2016.
Apple, James
.
Mere Appearance Madhyamaka in an Early Twelfth Century Tibetan Commentary
(to appear)
Apple, James
.
Technologies for the Mind, Exercises for the Selfless: Reading the Madhyamakopadeśa with Hadot
2015.
Apple, James
.
The Stages of the Path (lam rim) of Geshe Sha-ra-ba: Analysis of An Early Extant Tibetan lam rim.
2015.
Apple, James
.
Phylogenetic Analysis in the Study of Tibetan Kanjurs
(to appear)
Apple, James
.
Transvaluing Buddhist Categories of Spiritual Attainment through Semantic Elucidation (nirukti): A Rhetorical Technique in Early Mahāyāna Sūtras
2014.
Apple, James
.
"The Knot Tied with Space”: Notes on a Previously Unidentified Stanza in Candrakīrti’s Prasannapadā and its Rhetorical Use.
2014.
Apple, James
.
Fragments and Phylogenetics of the Old Tibetan Version of the Avaivartikacakrasūtra from Dunhuang
2014.
Apple, James
.
Redaction and Rhetoric in Mahāyāna Sūtras: The Case of Jayamati
2013.
Apple, James
.
The Historical Emergence of Maitreya’s Tuṣita Heaven as a Pure Land in Geluk-pa forms of Tibetan Buddhism.
2013.
Apple, James
.
Phylogenetics and Philology in the Study of Tibetan Kanjurs: The Case of the Tibetan Dunhuang version of the Sūtra of Jayamati.
2013.
Apple, James
.
A Re-evaluation of Pelliot tibétain 1257: An Early Tibetan-Chinese Glossary from Dunhuang
2013.
Apple, James
.
An Old Tibetan Fragment of the Avaivartikacakra sūtra from Dunhuang in the Stein Collection
2012.
Apple, James
.
“The Influence of the Avaivartikacakra Mahāyāna sūtra in Indian Buddhist History based on its citation in Indian Buddhist Commentaries.”
2012.
Apple, James
.
The Status Marking Term Avaivartikacakra in Mahāyāna Sūtras
2011.
Apple, James
.
The phrase ‘dharmaparyāyo hastagato’ in Mahāyāna Buddhist literature: re-thinking the cult of the book in middle period Indian Mahāyāna Buddhism
2010.
Apple, James
.
The Transmission of Early Tibetan Prajñāpāramitā Commentaries based on newly uncovered bKa' gdams pa works
2010.
Apple, James
.
Philology and Phylogenetics in the Study of the Tibetan Kanjur.
2010.
Apple, James
.
“The Early Development of Tibetan Abhisamayālaṃkāra literature in the light of newly uncovered bKa' gdams pa works.”
2009.
Apple, James
.
Emergent Ideology through Semantic elucidation A Case Study in the Rhetoric of Mahāyāna Buddhist formations
2008.
Apple, James
.
Re-describing Maṇḍalas: A Test Case in Bodh Gayā, India
2008.
Apple, James
.
Semantics of the Samgha: Tibetan scholastic hermeneutics on the abstract ideal of the Buddhist Community
2005.
Apple, James
.
Analytic parallels between Buddhist philosophical thought and socio-rhetorical approaches to the study of religion
2005.
Apple, James
.
Respondent: Mind in Buddhist Philosophy
2004.
Apple, James
.
Buddhist Theories of Mind as Representationalist Analysis: Bridging the Gap between ‘First Person’ Accounts for ‘Third Person’ Problems
2004.
Apple, James
.
Are we on the road to Shambala? Approaches to Tibetan Buddhism in the Public University Curriculum
2004.
Apple, James
.
Asian Philosophy as a Way of Life
2004.
Apple, James
.
The Stone Maṇḍalas of Bodh-gayā
2004.
Apple, James
.
Tsong-kha-pa’s Theory of Karma
2003.
Apple, James
.
Indian and Tibetan Buddhist Scholastic accounts of Consciousness
2003.
Apple, James
.
Mind and Mental Factors in Indo-Tibetan Scholasticism
2003.
Apple, James
.
Nāgārjuna’s Philosophy as a Way of Life: Hadot, Spiritual Exercises, and Things Buddhist
2003.
Apple, James
.
Tibet and the Dalai Lama: An Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism
2001.
Apple, James
.
Intuitive (pratyātmavedya) and Apperceptive knowledge in Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Thought
2001.
Invited Lectures/Presentations
Apple, James
.
"Khu lo tsā ba’s Treatise on the Svātantrika/Prāsaṅgika Distinction in early 12th century Tibet."Harvard Buddhist Studies Forum, Mahindra Humanities Center Harvard University
2017.
Journal Article
Apple, James
.
"
Gelukpa
"
.
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion
, (2022). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
大乗仏教の釈義にみられる「傾き流れる法」という譬喩 [Daijō bukkyō no shakugi ni mi rareru `katamuki nagareru hō' to iu hiyu (“The Tilting Stream of Dharma Metaphor in Mahāyāna Buddhist Exegesis”)
"
.
東洋学術研究 Tōyō gakujutsu kenkyū
61.2 (2022). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Diplomatic Edition of the Dunhuang Tibetan Version of the Vīradattaparipṛcchā (dpa’ sbyin gyis zhus pa).
"
.
Annual Report of The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2019
23. (2020): 89-115. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Kadampa (bka gdams pa) Pointing-out Instructions.
"
.
Revue d’Etudes Tibétaine
, 56 (2020): 170-262. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Semantic Elucidation (nirukta) of Bodhisattva Spiritual Attainment: A Rhetorical Technique in Early Mahāyāna Sūtra
"
.
Annual Report of The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2018
22. (2019): 171-192. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Atiśa and Ratnākaraśānti as Philosophical Opponents with attention to Yuktiṣaṣṭikā, verse 34
"
. Critical Review for Buddhist Studies
, 23 (2018): 9-38. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Old Tibetan Version of the Kāśyapaparivarta preserved in Fragments from Dunhuang (2).
"
. Annual Report of The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2017,
, (2018). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Lotus sutra in Tibetan Buddhist History and Culture. Part II
"
. Bulletin of the Institute of Oriental Philosophy
33. (2018): 215-230. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Khu lo tsā ba’s Treatise: Distinguishing the Svātantrika/*Prāsaṅgika Difference in Early Twelfth Century Tibet
"
.
Journal of Indian Philosophy
46.5 (2018): 935-981. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Perfections (Six and Ten) of Bodhisattvas in Buddhist Literature
"
.
Oxford Encyclopedia of Religion: Buddhism
, (2017). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Lotus sutra in Tibetan Buddhist History and Culture. Part I.
"
. Bulletin of the Institute of Oriental Philosophy
32. (2017): 129-143. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Old Tibetan Version of the Kāśyapaparivarta preserved in Fragments from Dunhuang (1)
"
.
Annual Report of The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2016
20. (2017): 205-230. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Atiśa’s Teachings on Mahāmudra
"
. The Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies
18. (2017): 1-42. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
A Re-evaluation of Pelliot tibétain 1257: An Early Tibetan-Chinese Glossary from Dunhuang
"
.
Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines
, 42 (2017): 5-113. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Abhisamayālaṃkāra
"
. Oxford Encyclopedia of Buddhism
(to appear), Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Candrakīrti and the Lotus sutra
"
. Bulletin of the Institute of Oriental Philosophy
31.1 (2016): 97-122. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
“The Knot Tied with Space”: Notes on a Previously Unidentified Stanza in Buddhist Literature and Its Citation.
"
.
The Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies
(to appear), Print.
Apple, James
.
"
An Early Bka’-gdams-pa Madhyamaka Work Attributed to Atiśa Dīpaṃkaraśrījñāna
"
. Journal of Indian Philosophy
, (2015). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
A Study and Translation of Atiśa’s Madhyamakopadésa with Indian and Tibetan Commentaries
"
. Acta Tibetica et Buddhica
7. (2015): 1-82. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Single Vehicle (ekayāna) in the Avaivartikacakra sūtra and Lotus sūtra
"
. Bulletin of the Institute of Oriental Philosophy
30. (2015): 13-43. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Redaction and Rhetoric in Mahāyāna Sūtras: The Case of the Jayamatiparipṛcchāsūtra
"
. Indo-Iranian Journal
58. (2015): 1-25. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Mindfulness and Vigilance in Tsong-kha-pa’s Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment
"
. Buddhist Foundations of Mindfulness
, (2015): 244-268. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Phrase dharmaparyāyo hastagato in Mahāyāna Buddhist Literature: Rethinking the Cult of the Book in Middle Period Indian Mahāyāna Buddhism.
"
.
Journal of the American Oriental Society
134.1 (2014): 25-50. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Irreversible Bodhisattva (avaivartika) in the Lotus sūtra and Avaivartikacakrasūtra
"
. Bulletin of the Institute of Oriental Philosophy
29. (2014). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Fragments and Phylogeny of the Tibetan Version of the Mañjuśrīvihārasūtra: A Case Study in the Genealogy of Tibetan Kanjurs
"
. ARIRIAB
XVII. (2014). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
An Early Tibetan Commentary on Atiśa’s Satyadvayāvatāra.
"
.
Journal of Indian Philosophy
, (2013). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Alleviating the Eliade Effect: Neil McMullin's Critique of Mircea Eliade's Regnant Discourse in the Study of Religion
"
. Method and Theory in Study of Religion
, (2013). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
An Early Tibetan Commentary on Atiśa’s Satyadvayāvatāra: Diplomatic Edition with Introduction and Notes
"
.
Journal of Indian Philosophy
, (2013). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Influence of the Avaivartikacakra Mahāyāna sūtra in Indian Buddhism based on Its Citation in Indian Buddhist Commentaries
"
. Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies
61.3 (2013). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
“Bodhisattva.”
"
.
Oxford Bibliographies Online: Buddhism
, (2012). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Structure and Content of the Avaivartikacakra sūtra and Its Relation to the Lotus Sūtra
"
. Bulletin of The Institute of Oriental Philosophy
28. (2012): 155-174. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
The Mahāyāna Path of the Bodhisattva in the Ornament of Clear Realization
"
.
Religion Compass
5.5 (2011): 166-179. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Perfections (Six and Ten)
"
.
Oxford Bibliographies Online: Buddhism
, (2011). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
On Avaivartika and Avaivartikacakra in Mahāyāna Buddhist Literature with special reference to the Lotus sūtra
"
. Journal of Oriental Philosophy
, (2011): 53-81. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Can Buddhist Thought be construed as a philosophia, or a way of life?
"
.
Journal of Oriental Philosophy
December. (2010): 43-55. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Atiśa's Open Basket of Jewels: A Middle Way Vision in Late Phase Indian Vajrayāna
"
. The Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies
11. (2010): 117-198. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Eschatology and World Order in Buddhist Formations.
"
.
Religious Studies and Theology
29.1 (2010): 109-122. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
“Contributions to the development and classification of Abhisamayālaṃkāra literature in Tibet from the 9th to 14th century.”
"
. Journal of the International Association of Tibetan Studies
, (2009). Print.
Apple, James
.
"
“Wordplay”: Emergent Ideology through Semantic elucidation A Rhetorical Technique in Mahāyāna Buddhist formations
"
. Bulletin for the Institute of Oriental Philosophy
25. (2009): 161-173. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
“A Stone Maṇḍala at the Mahābodhi Temple in Bodh Gayā.”
"
.
The Journal of Oriental Studies
47.2 (2008): 207. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
An Assembly of Irreversible Bodhisattvas. Twenty Varieties of the Saṃgha: A Typology of Noble Beings (Ārya) in Indo-Tibetan Scholasticism (Part 2)
"
. Journal of Indian Philosophy
32.2-3 (2004): 211-279. Print.
Apple, James
.
"
Twenty Varieties of the Saṃgha: A Typology of Noble Beings (Ārya) in Indo-Tibetan Scholasticism (Part 1)
"
. Journal of Indian Philosophy
31.5 (2003): 503-592. Print.
Other
Apple, James
.
"Mañjuśrī" in Encyclopedia of Indian Religions, edited by A. Sharma.
(to appear)
Apple, James
.
Vimalakīrti, Encyclopedia of Indian Religions, edited by A. Sharma.
2013.
Apple, James
.
"Abhisamayālaṃkāra" in Encyclopedia of Indian Religions, edited by A. Sharma.
(to appear)
Apple, James
.
Prajñāpāramitā in Encyclopedia of Indian Religions, edited by A. Sharma.
(to appear)
Apple, James
.
"Pāramitā" in Encyclopedia of Indian Religions, edited by A. Sharma.
(to appear)
Apple, James
.
“Transvaluing Buddhist Categories of Spiritual Attainment through Semantic Elucidation (nirukti): A Rhetorical Technique in Early Mahāyāna Sūtras.” Invited Speaker Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University. Wednesday, May 23, 2012.
2012.
Apple, James
.
“Stairway to Nirvāṇa: Structural Analysis of the Twenty Saṃghas.” Invited Speaker National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan. Monday, May 28, 2012
2012.
Apple, James
.
“The Structure and Content of the Avaivartikacakra sūtra and Its Relation to the Lotus Sūtra.” Invited speaker Institute of Oriental Philosophy. Hachioji, Japan. Tuesday, June 5, 2012.
2012.
Apple, James
.
“An Early Kadam (bka’ gdams) Commentary on Atiśa’s Satyadvayāvatāra.” Invited speaker Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. Monday, June 18, 2012.
2012.
Apple, James
.
Avaivartika and Avaivartikacakra in Mahāyāna Sūtras (International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University, Hachioji, Japan, Public Lecture).
2010.
Apple, James
.
Can Buddhist Thought be construed as philosophia, or a way of life? Relating Pierre Hadot to Buddhist Discourses on Self-Cultivation. (Institute of Oriental Philosophy, Tokyo, Japan, Public Lecture)
2010.
Apple, James
.
“The Dalai Lamas: A Cultural Heritage of Embodied Compassion.” Numata Chair of Buddhist Studies in the Department of Religious Studies Invited Lecture
2009.
Apple, James
.
“Spiritual Discipline (Buddhism).” Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions (ABC-CLIO 2007). Page 600.
2007.
Apple, James
.
“Saints (Buddhism).” Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions (ABC-CLIO 2007). Pages 530-531.
2007.
Apple, James
.
Eight articles, including “Atiśa"(Vol I:76-77) , Candrakīrti”(Vol I: 171), "Gedun drubpa" (Vol I: 301), "Gyeltsap Darma Rinchen" (Vol I:334-335), "Kamalaśila" (Vol II: 462-463), "Khedrub Jey"(Vol II: 474), “Naropa” (Vol II: 627-628), “Tsong kha pa” (Vol III: 866) for Holy People of the World: A Cross-Cultural Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO 2004).
2004.
Apple, James
.
Mind and Mental Factors in Tibetan Buddhism (translation, Foundation for the Preservation of Mahayana Buddhism, 2001).
2001.
Courses
Degrees
MA - Language and Cultures of Asia
University of Wisconsin–Madison, 2001
PhD - Buddhist Studies
University of Wisconsin–Madison, 2001
BA - Religious Studies
Indiana University, 1993
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